Агильная модель (Agile Model)
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1- History of the model, who developed it and when:
The agile model of software development emerged in the early 2000s as a response to the limitations of traditional methods such as the waterfall model. The main document that became the basis for popularising the agile approach was the Agile Manifesto, which was signed in 2001 by 17 software development experts, including individuals such as Kent Beck, Robert C. Martin, James Shore and others. These experts worked in different areas of software engineering and shared ideas that led to the creation of a new, flexible and adaptable method.
The agile approach involves more flexible and adaptive development than traditional methods, with an emphasis on customer interaction, rapid adaptation to change, and continuous product improvement.
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2- Stages of the agile model:
The agilic model does not have a fixed sequence of stages like the waterfall model and is flexibly adaptable depending on the needs of the project. However, the main stages in agile development can be identified as follows:
Planning – a shared vision of the product is created, goals and priorities are discussed.
Design and development – functionality is developed in short iterations (sprints) and then tested.
Testing – at each stage, the developed functionality is tested and bugs are fixed.
Release – after each iteration is completed, the finished product or part of it is released.
Revision and Improvement – based on feedback and test results, the product is continuously improved and adapted.
This cycle is repeated to make regular deliveries of the product, and each iteration helps revise and refine requirements.
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3. Schematic of the agile model:
- Russian:
- Концепция → 2. Итерация/Инкремент → 3. Обратная связь → 4. Релиз → 5. Улучшение
Pros of the agile model:
Flexibility and adaptability: It’s easy to make changes at any stage of development. If requirements change, the team can adapt quickly.
Rapid product delivery: By working in iterations, the product or parts of it become available to the user much faster.
Customer-centricity: Regular interaction with the customer allows you to accurately take into account their wishes and needs.
Fewer risks: Because the work is done in small steps, problems are easier to detect and solve early on.
Continuous improvement: Regular reviews and retrospectives provide an opportunity to improve both the development process and the product itself.
Minuses of the agile model:
Difficulty in planning on large projects: Due to constant change and flexibility on large projects, it can be difficult to predict timelines and costs.
Dependence on team experience: The success of the agile approach is highly dependent on team skill and collaboration, which can be a challenge for new or inexperienced teams.
Documentation difficulties: Since the focus is on the working software product, documentation can be simplified, leading to a lack of documentation in some cases.
Not suitable for all types of projects: Some projects with clear and unchanging requirements may not benefit adequately from the flexibility of the agile model.
Scaling issues: On large projects, especially when multiple teams are working on different parts of the project, coordination and integration issues may arise.
Conclusion:
The agile model is ideal for projects where requirements may change or evolve along the way. It allows for quick response to changes and provides customers with faster results. However, it may not be suitable for very large projects or those where requirements are pre-defined and do not change.
References for sources of information